第三條件句 – 過去非真實的情況

第三條件句表達過去假設或是非真實的情況。

If you had come to class, you would have passed the exam. 如果你有來上課，你就會通過考試。 (你沒來上課, 也沒有通過考試)
If he hadn’t had his helmet on, he might have died. 如果他沒有戴安全帽，他可能會死掉。(因為他有戴安全帽,所以沒有死。)

if 子句和主要子句

if + 過去完成式表達一個在過去想像或假設的情況。可以在主要子句用would have, could have 或 might have + 過去分詞來表達某個想像情境的結果。

If you had talked to me when you saw me, you would have met my friend. 如果你在看到我的时候和我说话，你就会遇到我的朋友。
If she had taken her wallet, she could have bought what she wanted. 如果她帶了钱包，她就可以买到她想要的东西。
If the volunteers had found the missing person, they might have saved his life. 如果志愿者找到了失踪者，他们可能会挽救他的生命。

句中帶逗號

如同所有的條件型，當if子句出現在句子前面，後面要加逗號，但是如果if子句出現在句子後面，則不需要加上逗號。

如果我没有早点结婚，我就不会痛苦。
If I hadn’t married early, I wouldn’t have been miserable.
I wouldn’t have been miserable if I hadn’t married early.

Unless

在條件句子中也可以用 unless 來代表 if… (not)

I wouldn’t have stayed in the villa unless it had rained. – I wouldn’t have stayed in the villa if it hadn’t rained. 除非下雨，否则我不会呆在别墅里。

第三條件句 – 練習題

1. If you had told me that you were having problems, I you.

2. If she that I was moving to another country, she would have cried a lot.

3. If the saleslady had offered the bag at a lower price, I two of them.

4. It wouldn't have been difficult for me if he the notes better.

5. We caught if we had waited at home.

6. They would never have talked if I them to each other on the first day of school.

7. If she had embarrassed me in front of all my friends, her forever.

8. The volunteers more lives if they had looked thoroughly.

9. If you had practiced more, you in the competition so early.

10. I wouldn't have lent you my dress if you on going to that party.


 

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