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表示前後不同的轉折

However

However 意思是“但是, 然而”。

However 通常用在句子的一開頭第一個字、逗號(,)之前(.)或分號(;)之後。

We didn’t like the restaurant. However, he had a good time.  我們不喜歡這家餐廳。 然而,他玩得很開心。
I would like to have a cat; however, my wife is allergic to cats.  我想要一隻貓; 然而,我妻子對猫過敏。

Although

Although 的意思是“儘管事實如此”。

Although 可以用在句首或句中。Although 之後不可以加逗號; 我們使用 although + 主詞 + 動詞

Although he had a bad leg, he still won the game.  雖然他的腿不好,但他還是贏了比賽。
I passed the exam, although I hadn’t studied. 我通過了考試,儘管我沒有學習。

表示理由

Because

我們使用 because + 主詞 + 動詞

We had to cancel the game because it was snowing.  因為下雪,我們不得不取消比賽。
I didn’t call you because I didn’t want to worry you. 我沒有給你打電話,因為我不想讓你擔心。

because of

我們使用 because of + 名詞

We had to cancel the game because of the snow.  因為下雪,我們不得不取消比賽。
Many stores had to close because of the economic situation.  由於經濟形勢,許多商店不得不關門。

表示結果/結論

So

So 是最常見的連接詞,用於表達說話者想要傳達的某一個結果/結論。它通常用在句子中間的逗號(,)之後。

We studied hard all afternoon, so I am very tired now.   我們整個下午都在努力學習,所以我現在很累。
The mobile phone is very expensive, so I don’t think I’ll buy it.  這部手機很貴,所以我想我不會買。

表示時間連結

Before 在…之前

我們可以用 before + 名詞/ -ing動詞,或者也可以用 before + 主詞 + 動詞

午飯前,我讀了幾篇帖子。
Before I have lunch, I read a few posts. 
Before having lunch, I read a few posts. 
Before lunch, I read a few posts. 

After 在…之後

我們可以用 after+名詞/ -ing動詞,也可以用 after + 主語 + 動詞

I had a walk after lunch/ having lunch/ I have lunch. 午飯後我散步了。

當我們談論連續動作時,我們可以使用 then 或 after that ,但不能使用 *after

I got up and had a shower. Then/After that, I made breakfast. 我起床洗了個澡。之後,我做了早餐。(不能說 After, I made breakfast).

While 當…的時候, 一邊做…一邊做…

我們使用 while + 主詞 + 動詞來說明同一時間一起發生的動作。

I read the book while I was waiting. 我在等待的時候讀了這本書。

as soon as, when, once 馬上/立刻, 正當, 一…就…

As soon aswhen, 和 once 具有相似的意義。 As soon as 意思是“一…就…”。

As soon as/when/once I get home, I’ll finish my homework. 我一到家就要完成工作。

as soon aswhen, 和 once 之後我們使用現在式,而不用 will 將來式來說明未來會發生的事。

When I get home, I’ll call you. 我到家後會給你打電話。 (不能說 when I will get home)

當我們以 before、after、while、as soon as …等做為句子的開頭時,我們在句子的第一部分後使用逗號。但是如果我們在句子的第二部分才使用 before, after, while, as soon as…等,我們就不用逗號。

睡覺前,我洗臉。
Before I go to bed, I wash my face. 
I wash my face before I go to bed. 

表示轉折,原因,時間的連結詞 – 練習題

1. We couldn't find a taxi,   we walked home

2.   it was very cold, she wasn't wearing a coat.

3. I woke up   there was a noise.

4. I called him his mobile was turned off.

5. she's very nice, she doesn't have many friends.

6. There was nothing on TV, I went to bed.

7. All the cafés were full   it was a public holiday.

8. She studied quite hard   she failed the exam.

9. She was crying   her team lost the match

10. They wanted to win   it was impossible


 

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