幾種子句的用法

對比子句

although, even though 的用法

although/even though 要放在句首或句中，且在子句前面 (主詞+動詞)。在 although/even though 後面不能加入逗點。

儘管她受傷了，但她跳得很好。
Although/Even though she had an injury, she danced well.
She danced well, although/even though she had an injury.

however 的用法

用 however 來連接兩個不同的句子。通常會把 however 放在句點或分號之後，第二個句子的句首。however 後面總是要加逗號。

They didn’t like the show. However, they had a good time. 他們不喜歡這個節目。不過，他們玩得很開心。
She went to the mall; however, the stores were closed. 她去了商場；但是，商店都關門了。

However 也可以用在句尾。

They didn’t like the show. They had a good time, however. 他們不喜歡這個節目。然而，他們玩得很開心。

despite/in spite of 的用法

Despite 和 in spite of 後面通常會加上名詞或動詞 -ing，可以放在句首或句中。

Despite/In spite of the bad weather, they went to school. 儘管天氣不好，他們還是去上學了。
They attended the class despite/in spite of having bad weather. 儘管天氣不好，他們還是參加了課程。

可以在 despite/in spite of + the fact that 後面加上子句 (主詞 + 動詞)

She went to the market despite/in spite of the fact that it was already evening. 儘管已經是晚上，她還是去了市場。

目的子句

to + 不定詞

在英文中最常見的表達目的方式是 to+ 不定詞。

The student worked hard to pass the test. 這個學生努力學習以通過考試。

in order to/so as to + 不定詞

“in order to /so as to + 不定詞”在正式英文寫作中更為常用。否定的形式為“ in order not to 和 so as not to + 不定詞”。

Mike is asked to stay in order to finish the project. 邁克被要求留下來完成這個項目。
She left home early in order not to be late. 為了不遲到，她很早就離開了家。
Use a paper bag so as to avoid burning plastic bags. 使用紙袋，以免燒毀塑料袋。
She entered the room carefully so as not to wake up her parents. 她小心翼翼地進了房間，以免吵醒她的父母。

so that + 子句

“so that + 主詞 + 動詞”可以用來表達目的。通常會跟情態動詞一起使用，如 could, can, would 等

We woke up early so that we could prepare breakfast for our children. 我們起得很早，以便為孩子們準備早餐。
She prepared the food in the box so that it would be easier for her children to take their lunch. 她準備了盒子裡的食物，這樣她的孩子們就可以更容易地吃午飯了。

for + 名詞

可以用“for + 名詞”來表達目的。

She went to the kitchen for a drink. 她去廚房喝了一杯。
Would you like to go to the field for a run? 你想去田間跑步嗎？

當使用動詞 used 或暗示它時，可以用 “for+ 動詞-ing” (取代to + 不定詞)來表達某物或行為的目的。

This knife is (used) for cutting plastic. 這把刀用於切割塑料。
Schools are for educating, not for entertaining. 學校是用來教育的，不是用來娛樂的。

in case + 子句

也可以用”in case + 主詞 + 動詞“表達目的。這個形式可以表達當我們不想要某件事發生而做了某件事的預防措施。

Take an umbrella in case it rains. (=take an umbrella so that you won’t get wet if it rains) 帶上雨傘以防下雨。（=帶上雨傘以免下雨時被淋濕）
I won’t tell Mike in case she tells everyone else. 我不會告訴麥克，以防她告訴其他人。

原因子句

當我們想要解釋為什麼某件事發生或為什麼某人做了某件事，可以用連接詞(as, since, because)加上原因子句，或用 because of, due to, owing to, or on account of 加上名詞短語。

because 的用法

在子句(主詞 + 動詞) 前面加入 because。原因子句可以放在句首或句尾 (更常放在句尾)。當放在句首時要加上逗號。

She didn’t go because it was late already. 她沒有去，因為已經很晚了。
Because the store was closed, they just went to a restaurant. 因為商店關門了，他們就去了一家餐館。

as/since 的用法

as 和 since 的用法和 because 非常相似。後面要加上“主詞 + 動詞”並且可以放在句首或句尾。但是 as 和 since 是更正式的表達方式，並且比起會話更常使用在寫作中。

The government urged people to stay indoors since/as more rain is forecast for the entire weekend. 政府鼓勵人們待在室內，因為預計整個週末會有更多降雨。
As/Since the roads were blocked, the victims had to be rescued by helicopter. 由於道路被封鎖，受害者不得不被直升機救出。

because of 的用法

Because of 後面要加上名詞。

The sports meeting was postponed because of the heavy rain. 由於大雨，運動會被推遲了。

due to/owing to/on account of 的用法

due to/owing to/on account of 後面要加上名詞。代表 because of 但是更為正式。

The event was canceled due to/owing to/on account of lack of interest. 由於缺乏興趣，該活動被取消。
I couldn’t enjoy the meal due to/owing to/on account of their constant arguing. 由於他們不斷爭吵，我無法享用這頓飯。

結果子句

用結果子句來表達某個行為或情況的結果。

so 的用法

可以在句尾用”so + 主詞 + 動詞”來表示 ‘this is why’。

We didn’t have anything to do, so we decided to rent a film. 我們無事可做，所以我們決定租一部電影。
I worked very hard today, so I’m exhausted. 我今天很努力，所以我很累。

for this reason 的用法

for this reason 通常會放在句首，後面要加入逗號。

Concert tickets are very cheap in Thailand. For this reason, we decided to watch it there. 演唱會門票在泰國很便宜。出於這個原因，我們決定在那裡觀看。
She was scared of failing the exam. For this reason, I helped her study her lesson. 她害怕考試不及格。為此，我幫助她學習了她的課。

as a result/consequently/therefore 的用法

As a result, consequently 和 therefore 在寫作中更為正式。通常會放在句首，後面加入逗號。

The flight was delayed due to the storm. As a result, many passengers complained. 由於暴風雨，航班延誤了。結果，不少乘客投訴。
Animals were his only and true passion. Therefore/Consequently, he decided to study biology. 動物是他唯一且真正的愛好。因此/結果，他決定學習生物學。

consequently 和 therefore 也可以放在中間位置 (動詞前面，主要動詞為be動詞後面，或第一個助動詞後面)。

She arrived early in class. Her teacher therefore/consequently decided to let her handle the class. 她上課很早就到了。因此，她的老師決定讓她處理課程。