過去式的非真實條件句

I wish/If only 的用法

I wish I did

可以用 “wish + 過去簡單式”來表達我們希望在現在或未來能夠變得不一樣的事情(但是不太可能或不可能達成)

I wish things were how they used to be. 我希望事情像過去那樣。
We wish we had enough money to help you. 我們希望我們有足夠的錢來幫助你。
I wish I could be there for you tomorrow. 我希望我明天能在你身邊。

I wish I had done

可以用“wish + 過去分詞”來表達我們後悔某件在過去發生的事(我們希望他們可以變得不一樣)

I wish we hadn’t eaten all that food. 我希望我們沒有吃掉所有的食物。
I wish I hadn’t quit my job two years ago. 我希望我兩年前沒有辭職。

I wish you would do

可以用“wish + 人/事物 + would + 不定詞”來表達我們希望某個讓我們感到厭煩的情況可以改變或停止。

I wish you would stop calling me in the middle of the night. You’re bothering me. 我希望你不要在半夜給我打電話。你在打擾我。
I wish it would stop snowing. It’s just too cold. 我希望它會停止下雪。太冷了。

不能用這個句型來表達關於自己的願望 (不能用 I wish I would)

if only

可以用 if only 來代替 I wish 並有相同的意思。唯一的差別是 if only 有強調的意味。

If only you would try your best in things. Your life will not be like this. 如果你願意在事情上盡力而為。你的生活不會是這樣的。
If only you had followed my advice. 如果你听从了我的建议就好了。
If only I was/were a bit taller! 要是我再高一点就好了

要注意當在 I wish/if only 之後加上 I/he/she 時，be動詞可以用 were 代替 was。

would rather/would sooner 的用法

would rather (than)/would sooner (than)

“would rather/would sooner + 不定詞”可以表達偏好。在肯定句中後面可以加上 than，而在疑問句中可以加上or。

I’d rather/sooner have tea, please. 我寧願喝茶，拜託。
I’d rather/sooner have tea than coffee. 我寧願喝茶而不是咖啡。
Would you rather/sooner have IOS or Android? 你寧願擁有IOS還是Android？

would rather/would sooner + 主詞 + 過去簡單式

當我們在 would rather 或 would sooner 之後使用不同主詞時，可以用過去簡單式來指現在或未來。

She’d rather/sooner I picked her up after lunch. 她寧願我在午飯後接她。
Would you rather/sooner we spent by shopping or playing? 你寧願我們購物還是玩？
We’d rather/sooner she was/were with us now.* 我們寧願她現在和我們在一起。

要注意當在 would rather 或 would sooner 之後加上 I/he/she時，be動詞可以用 were 代替 was。

would rather/would sooner + 主詞 + 過去完成式

當我們在 would rather或 would sooner 之後使用不同主詞時，可以用過去完成式來指過去。

I’d rather/sooner you hadn’t spoken to her like that. 我寧願你沒有那樣和她說話。
I’d rather/sooner you had called me before. 我寧願你之前就打電話給我。

it’s time 的用法

it’s (high) time + 主詞 + 過去簡單式

可以用 “it’s time / it’s high time + 主詞 + 過去簡單式”來說明某件事應該在現在或未來被完成。

It’s time you looked for your missing sister. 是時候去找你失踪的妹妹了。
You should know it’s high time you moved on from your ex-boyfriend. 你應該知道是時候離開你的前男友了。

也可以用“ it’s time + to 不定詞”或 “it’s time for someone + to 不定詞”。

It’s time for you to look for your missing sister. 是時候尋找失踪的妹妹了。
It’s time to move on from your ex-boyfriend. 是時候離開你的前男友了。

其他表達方式

suppose/supposing/imagine/what if 的用法

Suppose, supposing, imagine, and what if 可以像 if 一樣在條件句中使用。之後在真實情況(第一條件句)要為現在式，在非真實情況(第二和第三條件句)中要為過去簡單或過去完成式。

Imagine you meet him in the street, what are you going to tell him? (=第一條件句: If you meet him in the street, what are you going to tell him?) 想像一下你在街上遇到他，你要告訴他什麼？

What if you found a suitcase full of money. What would you do? (=第二條件句: If you found a suitcase full of money, what would you do?) 如果你發現一個裝滿錢的手提箱怎麼辦。你會怎麼做？

Supposing he hadn’t proposed yesterday, you would have looked for another man. (=第三條件句: If he hadn’t proposed yesterday, you would have looked for another man.) 如果他昨天沒有求婚，你就會去找別的男人。