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for 和 since 通常用于现在完成时,并且它们都回答了多久“how long”的问题。然而,它们并不能互换使用。 for 用于时间段,而 since 用于固定的时间点。

for + 时间段

for 是表示动作持续时间的时间介词。 for 后面跟着时间段,例如 an hour, 5 days, 6 years 等。

They have been in Paris for 5 days. 他们已经在巴黎待了 5 天。

我们可以在不同的时态中使用 for,它经常与现在完成时和现在完成进行时一起出现。

They have been in London for 5 days. 他们已经在伦敦待了 5 天。 (现在完成简单式)
He has been travelling for 3 months. 他已经旅行了 3 个月。 (现在完成进行式)
Lily lived in London for 3 years. 莉莉在伦敦住了 3 年。 (过去简单式)

扩展:for vs ago

since + 时间点

since 显示了一个动作开始的固定时间点。我们不能用 since 来表示时间段,只能用 since 来表示固定的时间点,例如 yesterday, last week, the 12th of March 等。

They have been in Hongkong since Thursday. 他们自周四以来一直在香港。
She has been waiting since 8 o’clock this morning. 从今天早上 8 点开始,她就一直在等。

我们使用 since 搭配现在完成时或现在完成进行时来显示动作开始的时间。

My brother has decided to visit the UK since his last trip. 自上次旅行以来,我的兄弟已决定去英国。 (现在完成简单式)
They have been shopping since this afternoon. 他们从今天下午就开始购物了。 (现在完成进行式)

since 和 for – 练习题

1. I’ve lived here I was born.

2. We’ve known each other we were children.

3. She’s been studying English a year.

4. They practised the guitar an hour and a half.

5. My parents have been married 1985.

6. Natalie has been a vegetarian her 15th birthday.

7. I have been waiting more than two hours. Where are you?

8. The baby slept four hours this afternoon.

9. He’s been working for the company the 70s.

10. We haven’t lived here very long.


 

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