英文中的动词有五种主要形式:不定词(动词原型)、现在式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。规则动词用 -ed 构成过去式和过去分词。但是,不规则动词以不同方式构成过去式和过去分词。日常英语中大约有 200 个不规则动词。
遗憾的是,我们不可能立即识别不规则动词,这使得学习它们变得困难。然而,我们可以将不规则动词分为三种主要类型:所有三种形式都相同的动词,过去式和过去分词相同的动词,以及每种形式都不同的动词。
使用我们的不规则动词列表来检查您需要了解哪些不规则动词以参加初级、初中级、中级、中高级或高级语言考试。动词按这三种类型分类,以便更容易记住它们。
初级 – 不规则动词
类型 1
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是一样的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| put | put | put |
| read | read* | read* |
* 不定词读 /ri:d/ 的发音在过去式和过去分词形式中变为 /red/。
类型 2
过去式和过去分词形式相同,但与不定词不同(不同-相同-相同)。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| can | could | (无分词形式) |
| feel | felt | felt |
| find | found | found |
| get | got | got, gotten (US English) |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned |
| leave | left | left |
| make | made | made |
| meet | met | met |
| pay | paid | paid |
| say | said | said |
| send | sent | sent |
| shall | should | (无分词形式) |
| sit | sat | sat |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| understand | understood | understood |
类型 3
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是不同的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| be | was/were | been |
| come | came | come |
| do | did | done |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| drive | drove | driven |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| fly | flew | flown |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| know | knew | known |
| run | ran | run |
| see | saw | seen |
| show | showed | shown |
| sing | sang | sung |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| swim | swam | swum |
| take | took | taken |
| wake up | woke up | woken up |
| wear | wore | worn |
| write | wrote | written |
初中级 – 不规则动词
类型 1
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是一样的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| cost | cost | cost |
| cut | cut | cut |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| let | let | let |
| shut | shut | shut |
类型 2
过去式和过去分词形式相同,但与不定词不同(不同-相同-相同)。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| bring | brought | brought |
| build | built | built |
| catch | caught | caught |
| hold | held | held |
| keep | kept | kept |
| lose | lost | lost |
| may | might | (无分词形式) |
| mean | meant | meant |
| sell | sold | sold |
| spend | spent | spent |
| stand | stood | stood |
| win | won | won |
类型 3
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是不同的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| become | became | become |
| begin | began | begun |
| break | broke | broken |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| ride | rode | ridden |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| throw | threw | thrown |
中级 – 不规则动词
类型 1
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是一样的
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| quit | quit | quit |
| split up | split up | split up |
| wet | wet | wet |
类型2
过去式和过去分词形式相同,但与不定词不同(不同-相同-相同)。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| bleed | bled | bled |
| burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned |
| deal | dealt | dealt |
| dig | dug | dug |
| dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt, dreamed |
| feed | fed | fed |
| fight | fought | fought |
| hang | hung | hung |
| kneel | knelt, kneeled | knelt, kneeled |
| lay | laid | lain |
| lead | led | led |
| lend | lent | lent |
| seek | sought | sought |
| shine | shone | shone |
| shoot | shot | shot |
| spin | spun | spun |
| spoil | spoilt, spoiled | spoilt, spoiled |
| stick | stuck | stuck |
类型 3
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是不同的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| beat | beat | beaten |
| bite | bit | bitten |
| blow | blew | blown |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| grow | grew | grown |
| hide | hid | hidden |
| prove | proved | proven, proved |
| ring | rang | rung |
| sew | sewed | sewn |
| shake | shook | shaken |
| sink | sank | sunk |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| stink | stank | stunk |
| swell | swelled | swollen |
中高级 – 不规则动词
类型 1
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是一样的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| bet | bet | bet |
| broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted |
| burst | burst | burst |
| forecast | forecast | forecast |
| spread | spread | spread |
| sweat | sweat, sweated | sweat, sweated |
| wed | wed | wed |
类型 2
过去式和过去分词形式相同,但与不定词不同(不同-相同-相同)。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| bend | bent | bent |
| breed | bred | bred |
| flee | fled | fled |
| leap | leapt, leaped | leapt |
| light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted |
| slide | slid | slid |
| speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded |
| sting | stung | stung |
| strike | struck | struck |
| sweep | swept | swept |
| swing | swung | swung |
| weep | wept | wept |
| wind | wound | wound |
类型 3
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是不同的
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| awake | awoke | awoken |
| bear | bore | borne |
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| rise | rose | risen |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk |
| sing | sang | sung |
| spring | sprang | sprung |
| swear | swore | sworn |
| tear | tore | torn |
高级 – 不规则动词
类型 1
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是一样的
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| bid | bid | bid |
| cast | cast | cast |
| rid | rid | rid |
| shed | shed | shed |
| shred | shred | shred |
| slit | slit | slit |
| thrust | thrust | thrust |
类型 2
过去式和过去分词形式相同,但与不定词不同(不同-相同-相同)。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| bind | bound | bound |
| cling | clung | clung |
| creep | crept | crept |
| fling | flung | flung |
| grind | ground | ground |
| plead | pled, pleaded | pled, pleaded |
| shoe | shod, shoed | shod, shoed |
| sling | slung | slung |
| slink | slunk | slunk |
| spit | spat | spat |
| string | strung | strung |
| wring | wrung | wrung |
类型 3
不定词、过去式和过去分词都是不同的。
| 不定词 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
| arise | arose | arisen |
| forsake | forsook | forsaken |
| saw | sawed | sawn |
| shear | sheared | shorn |
| sow | sowed | sown |
| stride | strode | stidden |
| strive | strove | striven |
| tread | trod | trodden |
| weave | wove | woven |
英文中的不规则动词 – 练习题
用正确的动词形式(过去式或过去分词)填空。