过去完成时的形式
过去完成时的形式为 had/hadn’t + 动词的过去分词:
He hadn’t been there before. 他以前没有去过那里。
I had never worked. 我从来没有工作过。
所有人称的过去完成时都是一样的。
I/you/he/she/it/we/they had left when I arrived
可以把 had 缩写成 ‘d。
He finished the report after he’d talked to the boss. 和老板谈完后,他完成了报告。
过去完成时的用法
当说明过去并且想要说明比过去更早发生的事件时要用过去完成时。
I went to the party after I had completed the task. 完成任务后我去参加了晚会。
Yesterday my dad told me that he had seen you in the zoo. 昨天我爸爸告诉我他在动物园见过你。
过去完成时 or 过去简单式?
过去简单式可以以时间先后描述一系列过去的事件,而过去完成时可以清楚说明其中有个事件在此过去更早已经发生。比较两个句子:
When I returned home, she washed the dishes.当我回到家时,她洗了碗。 (=我回家后她洗了碗。)
When I returned home, she had already washed the dishes.当我回到家时,她已经洗好了碗。 (=她在我回家之前洗了碗。)
注意这些常见的错误!
要记得 would 后面要加不定式而 had 后面要加过去分词。
I’d like to go to the beach. (= would) 我想去海滩。
I found that he’d completed his homework. (= had) 我发现他已经完成了作业。
过去完成时 – 练习题
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