过去完成时

过去完成时的形式

过去完成时的形式为 had/hadn’t + 动词的过去分词：

He hadn’t been there before. 他以前没有去过那里。
I had never worked. 我从来没有工作过。

所有人称的过去完成时都是一样的。

I/you/he/she/it/we/they had left when I arrived

可以把 had 缩写成 ‘d。

He finished the report after he’d talked to the boss.  和老板谈完后，他完成了报告。

过去完成时的用法

当说明过去并且想要说明比过去更早发生的事件时要用过去完成时。

I went to the party after I had completed the task. 完成任务后我去参加了晚会。
Yesterday my dad told me that he had seen you in the zoo. 昨天我爸爸告诉我他在动物园见过你。

过去完成时 or 过去简单式？

过去简单式可以以时间先后描述一系列过去的事件，而过去完成时可以清楚说明其中有个事件在此过去更早已经发生。比较两个句子：

When I returned home, she washed the dishes.当我回到家时，她洗了碗。 （=我回家后她洗了碗。）
When I returned home, she had already washed the dishes.当我回到家时，她已经洗好了碗。 （=她在我回家之前洗了碗。）

注意这些常见的错误！

要记得 would 后面要加不定式而 had 后面要加过去分词。

I’d like to go to the beach. (= would) 我想去海滩。
I found that he’d completed his homework. (= had) 我发现他已经完成了作业。

过去完成时 – 练习题

1. When Peter traveled to London, he_____ the University of Cambridge.

a.'d visited

b.'d visit

c.visited

2. My sister _________ my breakfast when I went to the kitchen.

a.had eaten

b.'d eat

c.ate

3. She _________ the food left in the fridge when she got home.

a.'d eaten

b.'d eat

c.ate

4. He locked the door and then he _____ the building.

a.'d left

b.left

c.'d leave

5. The thief would get in if you__________ the door.

a.hadn't locked

b.hadn't lock

c.didn't lock

6. When we went to the beach, the cleaners _______the beach.

a.'d clean

b.had cleaned

c.cleaned

7. She gave me back my video game because she___________ playing it.

a.'d finish

b.'d finished

c.finished

8. When she finished the video game, she ___________ it back to me.

a.'d given

b.'d give

c.gave

9. My Dad was angry because when I sat down to watch TV, I _____ my homework.

a.hadn't finished

b.didn't finish

c.hadn't finish

10. When his other sibling greeted their father, he realized he___________ his father's birthday.

a.'d forget

b.'d forgotten

c.forgot

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