几种从句的用法

对比从句

although, even though 的用法

although/even though 要放在句首或句中，且在从句前面 (主语+动词)。在 although/even though 后面不能加入逗点。

尽管她受伤了，但她跳得很好。
Although/Even though she had an injury, she danced well.
She danced well, although/even though she had an injury.

however 的用法

用 however 来连接两个不同的句子。通常会把 however 放在句点或分号之后，第二个句子的句首。 however 后面总是要加逗号。

They didn’t like the show. However, they had a good time. 他们不喜欢这个节目。不过，他们玩得很开心。
She went to the mall; however, the stores were closed. 她去了商场；但是，商店都关门了。

However 也可以用在句尾。

They didn’t like the show. They had a good time, however. 他们不喜欢这个节目。然而，他们玩得很开心。

despite/in spite of 的用法

Despite 和 in spite of 后面通常会加上名词或动词 -ing，可以放在句首或句中。

Despite/In spite of the bad weather, they went to school. 尽管天气不好，他们还是去上学了。
They attended the class despite/in spite of having bad weather. 尽管天气不好，他们还是参加了课程。

可以在 despite/in spite of + the fact that 后面加上从句 (主语 + 动词)

She went to the market despite/in spite of the fact that it was already evening. 尽管已经是晚上，她还是去了市场。

目的从句

to + 不定式

在英文中最常见的表达目的方式是 to+ 不定式。

The student worked hard to pass the test. 这个学生努力学习以通过考试。

in order to/so as to + 不定式

“in order to /so as to + 不定式”在正式英文写作中更为常用。否定的形式为“ in order not to 和 so as not to + 不定式”。

Mike is asked to stay in order to finish the project. 迈克被要求留下来完成这个项目。
She left home early in order not to be late. 为了不迟到，她很早就离开了家。
Use a paper bag so as to avoid burning plastic bags. 使用纸袋，以免烧毁塑料袋。
She entered the room carefully so as not to wake up her parents. 她小心翼翼地进了房间，以免吵醒她的父母。

so that + 从句

“so that + 主语 + 动词”可以用来表达目的。通常会跟情态动词一起使用，如 could, can, would 等

We woke up early so that we could prepare breakfast for our children. 我们起得很早，以便为孩子们准备早餐。
She prepared the food in the box so that it would be easier for her children to take their lunch. 她准备了盒子里的食物，这样她的孩子们就可以更容易地吃午饭了。

for + 名词

可以用“for + 名词”来表达目的。

She went to the kitchen for a drink. 她去厨房喝了一杯。
Would you like to go to the field for a run? 你想去田间跑步吗？

当使用动词 used 或暗示它时，可以用 “for+ 动词-ing” (取代to + 不定式)来表达某物或行为的目的。

This knife is (used) for cutting plastic. 这把刀用于切割塑料。
Schools are for educating, not for entertaining. 学校是用来教育的，不是用来娱乐的。

in case + 从句

也可以用”in case + 主语 + 动词“表达目的。这个形式可以表达当我们不想要某件事发生而做了某件事的预防措施。

Take an umbrella in case it rains. (=take an umbrella so that you won’t get wet if it rains) 带上雨伞以防下雨。（=带上雨伞以免下雨时被淋湿）
I won’t tell Mike in case she tells everyone else. 我不会告诉麦克，以防她告诉其他人。

原因从句

当我们想要解释为什么某件事发生或为什么某人做了某件事，可以用连接词(as, since, because)加上原因从句，或用 because of, due to, owing to, or on account of 加上名词短语。

because 的用法

在从句(主语 + 动词) 前面加入 because。原因从句可以放在句首或句尾 (更常放在句尾)。当放在句首时要加上逗号。

She didn’t go because it was late already. 她没有去，因为已经很晚了。
Because the store was closed, they just went to a restaurant. 因为商店关门了，他们就去了一家餐馆。

as/since 的用法

as 和 since 的用法和 because 非常相似。后面要加上“主语 + 动词”并且可以放在句首或句尾。但是 as 和 since 是更正式的表达方式，并且比起会话更常使用在写作中。

The government urged people to stay indoors since/as more rain is forecast for the entire weekend. 政府鼓励人们待在室内，因为预计整个周末会有更多降雨。
As/Since the roads were blocked, the victims had to be rescued by helicopter. 由于道路被封锁，受害者不得不被直升机救出。

because of 的用法

Because of 后面要加上名词。

The sports meeting was postponed because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨，运动会被推迟了。

due to/owing to/on account of 的用法

due to/owing to/on account of 后面要加上名词。代表 because of 但是更为正式。

The event was canceled due to/owing to/on account of lack of interest. 由于缺乏兴趣，该活动被取消。
I couldn’t enjoy the meal due to/owing to/on account of their constant arguing. 由于他们不断争吵，我无法享用这顿饭。

结果从句

用结果从句来表达某个行为或情况的结果。

so 的用法

可以在句尾用”so + 主语 + 动词”来表示 ‘this is why’。

We didn’t have anything to do, so we decided to rent a film. 我们无事可做，所以我们决定租一部电影。
I worked very hard today, so I’m exhausted. 我今天很努力，所以我很累。

for this reason 的用法

for this reason 通常会放在句首，后面要加入逗号。

Concert tickets are very cheap in Thailand. For this reason, we decided to watch it there. 演唱会门票在泰国很便宜。出于这个原因，我们决定在那里观看。
She was scared of failing the exam. For this reason, I helped her study her lesson. 她害怕考试不及格。为此，我帮助她学习了她的课。

as a result/consequently/therefore 的用法

As a result, consequently 和 therefore 在写作中更为正式。通常会放在句首，后面加入逗号。

The flight was delayed due to the storm. As a result, many passengers complained. 由于暴风雨，航班延误了。结果，不少乘客投诉。
Animals were his only and true passion. Therefore/Consequently, he decided to study biology. 动物是他唯一且真正的爱好。因此/结果，他决定学习生物学。

consequently 和 therefore 也可以放在中间位置 (动词前面，主要动词为be动词后面，或第一个助动词后面)。

She arrived early in class. Her teacher therefore/consequently decided to let her handle the class. 她上课很早就到了。因此，她的老师决定让她处理课程。