there is, there are 的用法和形式

there is, there are – 用法

我们用 there is, there are 来表达某件存在的事。

There is a lot of noise. 有很多噪音。

表达某个东西的位置

我们通常用 there is, there are 来表达某个东西的位置。

There is a new building around the next street. 下一条街附近有一座新大楼。
There are five oranges in that basket. 那个篮子里有五个橙子。

表达某件事发生的时间

there is, there are 也可以用来表达某件事发生的时间。

There is a firework at 8 p.m. 晚上8点有烟火。
There are a lot of storms in summer. 夏天有很多暴风雨。

搭配 a, some, any 

我们通常会用 there is, there are + a, some, any。

	单数可数名词	复数可数名词	不可数名词
a/an	There is a person in the room.
some		There are some cars outside.	There is some milk in the jug.
any		There aren’t any cars outside.	There isn’t any milk in the jug.

there is + 单数 / there are + 复数

我们用 there is + 单数名词，而 there are + 复数名词。

There is a new band I like. 我喜欢一个新乐团。
There are some problems that we need to solve. 我们需要解决一些问题

如果 there is 后面的第一个名词为单数，则会用 there is + 事物清单。

There is a table, sink, and four chairs in the kitchen. 厨房里有一张桌子、水槽和四把椅子。

there is, there are – 形式

	现在时	过去时
肯定句	There is  / there’s / there are	there was / there were
否定句	There is not / there isn’t / there are not / there aren’t	There was not / there wasn’t / there were not / there weren’t
疑问句	Is there? / are there?	Was there ? / were there?
简短回答	Yes, there is. No there is not/isn’t. Yes, there are. No, there are not/aren’t.	Yes, there was. No, there was not/isn’t. Yes, there were. No, there were not/weren’t.

Present and past 现在和过去

there is 和 there are 的过去式形式为 there was 和 there were。

房间里有一台电脑。
There is a computer in the room.  ⇒ There was a computer in the room.

房间里有一些电脑。
There are some computers in the room.  ⇒   some computers in the room.  ⇒ There were some computers in the room.

缩写形式

there is 的缩写为 there’s，但是 there are 并没有缩写，而且在简短答案中不能使用 there’s。

There’s a new student in this class. 这个班有一个新学生。
There are two new teachers in the school. 学校里有两位新教师。

there was/there were 没有缩写。

在否定句中，我们通常使用缩写形式 there isn’t/ there aren’t 和 there wasn’t/weren’t。

There isn’t any butter left in the fridge. 冰箱里没有奶油了。
There aren’t any books in this box. 这个箱子里没有书了。

there is, there are – 练习题