過去簡單式 – 規則和不規則動詞的變化

過去簡單式規則動詞的變化

要使句子成為過去簡單式通常要在規則動詞後面加上ed。

They often watch a film on Sunday. ⇒ They watched a film last Sunday. 上星期日他們看了電影。
She lives in London. ⇒ She lived in London in the 80s. 她在80年代住在倫敦。

規則動詞的拼字

不定詞	過去式	拼字
watch play	watched played	通常加ed
like arrive	liked arrived	-e後面加-d
Study try	studied tried	在子音加y之後去 -y加 -ied
shop rob	stopped robbed	子音加母音加子音，變成雙子音加 -ed

什麼時候要雙子音?

當動詞結束於子音 + 母音 + 子音時，則要變成雙子音。這個規則在當動詞只有一個音節時絕對成立。

• stop ⇒ stopped
• plan ⇒ planned
• shop ⇒ shopped
• rob ⇒ robbed.

若動詞為兩個音節，只有在當重音出現在最後一個音節時才需要變成雙子音。

• reFER ⇒ referred
• preFER ⇒ preferred
• reGRET ⇒ regretted

但當重音不是在最後一個音節時便不需要變成雙子音。

• VIsit ⇒ visited
• ANswer ⇒ answered.

過去簡單式不規則動詞變化

有些動詞為不規則動詞所以要變成過去簡單式不是加 -ed。

英文中常見的不規則動詞:

be	was/were	They were at school yesterday.	他們昨天在學校。
begin	began	At the end of the scene, we began to cry.	在場景結束時，我們開始哭泣。
break	broke	I broke my arm in an accident.	我在一次事故中摔斷了手臂。
bring	brought	Who brought you here?	誰把你帶到這裡來的？
buy	bought	We bought a new car last week.	我們上週買了一輛新車。
do	did	I did some shopping.	我做了一些購物。
drink	drank	He drank a lot of water after the match.	賽后他喝了很多水。
drive	drove	We drove to the airport.	我們驅車前往機場。
eat	ate	We ate paella by the beach.	我們在海邊吃了海鮮飯。
find	found	I finally found the keys.	我終於找到了鑰匙。
fly	flew	We flew to Hongkong last Spring.	我們去年春天飛往香港。
forget	forgot	I forgot the keys in the hourse.	我忘記了小時的鑰匙。
get	got	She got a lot of gifts for her birthday.	她的生日收到了很多禮物。
give	gave	I was cold and he gave me a jacket.	我很冷，他給了我一件夾克。
go	went	I went to work by bus yesterday.	我昨天乘公共汽車去上班。
have	had	I had a lot of toys as a child.	我小時候有很多玩具。
know	knew	We knew that he was special immediately.	我們立刻就知道他很特別。
lose	lost	He lost his wallet at the bus station.	他在公交車站丟了錢包。
make	made	They made a cake for the party.	他們為聚會做了一個蛋糕。
meet	met	I met my wife at a wedding.	我在婚禮上認識了我的妻子。
pay	paid	She paid for the drinks.	她付了酒錢。
put	put	I put the ice cream in the freezer.	我把冰淇淋放在冰箱裡。
read	read	I read an interesting article yesterday.	我昨天讀了一篇有趣的文章。
run	ran	When the fire started, we ran.	火開始時，我們跑了。
say	said	She said something in his ear.	她在他耳邊說了些什麼。
see	saw	We saw a very strange man in the street.	我們在街上看到一個很奇怪的人。
sell	sold	He sold me his old car.	他把他的舊車賣給了我。
send	sent	People sent lots of letters in the past.	過去人們寄過很多信。
sing	sang	Everybody sang “Happy Birthday” to her.	每個人都為她唱“生日快樂”。
sit	sat	We sat on the sand and looked at the sea.	我們坐在沙灘上，看著大海。
sleep	slept	I only slept three hours last night.	我昨晚只睡了三個小時。
speak	spoke	We spoke to our kid’s teacher last week.	上週我們和孩子的老師談過了。
spend	spent	We spent a lot of money during our last trip.	我們在上次旅行中花了很多錢。
swim	swam	He swam in the sea in June.	六月，他在海裡游泳。
take	took	Somebody took my things.	有人拿走了我的東西。
teach	taught	She taught me how to play the drums.	她教我如何打鼓。
tell	told	I told him to go home.	我告訴他回家。
think	thought	We thought you were dead.	我們以為你死了。
understand	understood	I understood her decision.	我理解她的決定。
wear	wore	She wore a beautiful red dress at the patry.	她在帕特里穿著一件漂亮的紅色連衣裙。
win	won	They won the match.	他們贏得了比賽。
write	wrote	I wrote a letter to the manager.	我給經理寫了一封信。

過去簡單式時的使用

表示過去完成的動作或狀態

過去簡單式可以用來說明過去完成的動作或狀態，我們通常會加上過去時間來表達: yesterday, yesterday afternoon, last night, last week, three days ago, four years ago, 等。

She answered the question yesterday. 她昨天回答了問題。
They were a good team. 他們是一個好團隊。

過去重複的動作

過去簡單式可以形容在過去習慣或重複的動作，但現在已經沒有繼續。通常會加上副詞或頻率來表達(often, always, every day等)。

When I was a child, I went to the cram school every day. 在小時候，我每天都會去補習班。 
In school, I often went jogging in the morning. 在學校時，我通常會在早上去慢跑。

規則和不規則動詞 – 練習題